Fig. 9.     A: Hypothetical circuit involving the auditory cortex, peripeduncular area (PPa), caudomedial (cm) striatum and cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons in the caudal (c) globus pallidus in rat. Heavy line on the right marks the putative cholinergic link. Other connections of the PPa are indicated on the left, including those with auditory subcortical relay stations (heavy lines). Data from Arnault and Roger (l987) and LeDoux et al. (1990). Abbrev. ACe = central amygdaloid nucleus; AL = lateral amygdaloid nucleus; CNf = cuneiform nucleus; DLL = dorsal nucleus of the lateral lemniscus; IC = inferior colliculus; PAG = periaqueductal gray; PPT = pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus; PRh = perirhinal cortex; VLL = ventral nucleus of the lateral lemniscus; VMH = ventromedial hypothalamic nucleus; Zi = zona incerta. B: Hypothetical circuit involving the insular cortex, thalamic viscerosensory nuclei, parabrachial nucleus, nucleus of the solitary tract, the central amygdaloid nucleus and cholinergic and noncholinergic neurons in the SI in the rat. Hyphenated lines represent weaker connections, heavy line the putative cholinergic link. Data from van der Kooy et al. (l984), Shipley and Geinisman (l984), Cechetto and Saper (l987), and Moga et al. (1990). Abbrev. PBl = lateral parabrachial nucleus; PBm = medial parabrachial nucleus; VPLpc = parvicellular ventroposterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus; VPMpc = parvicellular ventroposterior medial nucleus of the thalamus.